Nowadays, computers have become an integral part of people’s lives. More and more businesses are expanding into the digital space, and more and more government institutions are moving their services online. From banking to e-commerce, computers, and the Internet make it possible to do many things from home.

Behind every website and application lies a very important part – programming. Everything you see on your computer screen must be programmed. In simple terms, programming is the creation of instructions that tell how a computer should function. It is often understood as writing codes using different programming languages, but programming itself is a broader concept – it includes not only writing codes but also planning the structure of the application, developing the design, testing, and so on. A programmer must ensure that the code he writes works.

Thus, programming is a challenging process that involves both technical and analytical skills. Two types of programming can be distinguished – front-end and back-end, both of which are equally important. Thanks to front-end programming, what users see is created, for example, the appearance of a website (therefore, a front-end programmer may also need knowledge of web design). Back-end programming ensures that a website or application runs smoothly.

There is no doubt that programming is very important in today’s technology-driven world. Not only computers depend on it, but also, for example, smartphones, TV systems or medical equipment. In short, the need for programming is only growing, because thanks to it, it is possible to automate processes, create new technologies and systems. Also, with the help of programming, it is possible to perform complex statistical analyses and create large databases, models and make assumptions based on insights from data.

Different programming languages

However, most people associate programming primarily with writing code. It is really a very important part of programming without which the programming process would not be complete. The code itself is written using different programming languages, and to the ordinary person, it may look like a jumble of numbers and letters. However, the code writing must be extremely precise, otherwise, the website or application will not work. Also, most programmers know at least a few programming languages.

The first programming language was created in 1843 by Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace. Since then, about 9,000 programming languages have been developed. Next, we will discuss the most popular different programming languages:

• PHP programming. PHP (short for Hypertext PreProcessor) is the most widely used open-source and general-purpose server-side programming language. It is mostly used for web development, dynamic websites, and applications. It was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994;
• HTML & CSS programming. Although HTML and CSS are not considered programming languages, they are very important in giving structure and style to a website. HTML is responsible for structure and CSS for style;
• Drupal programming. Drupal is a website content management tool, but in some ways, it can be called a programming language. For example, Drupal is written in PHP, and with this tool, other tools for managing website content can be developed.
• JavaScript programming. JavaScript is a dynamic programming language used to create web applications, games, and more. It allows websites to implement dynamic features that cannot be implemented using only HTML and CSS;
• WordPress programming. WordPress is an open-source content management system (CMS) used to build websites. Most websites are built using WordPress. Although the software is free, many people hire professional programmers to create and develop high-quality websites.